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1 ἔπειμι
A sum) inf. ἐπεῖναι: [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf.ἔπεσαν Od.2.344
: [tense] fut. ἐπέσομαι, [dialect] Ep. and Lyr. -έσσομαι, 4.756, Pi.O.13.99:—to be upon, c. dat. loci,κάρη ὤμοισιν ἐπείη Il.2.259
;σῆμα δ' οὐκ ἐπῆν κύκλῳ A. Th. 591
; in Prose mostly with Prep.,ἐπὶ τοῦ καταστρώματος ἐ. Hdt. 8.118
;ἐπὶ [τῷ ποταμῷ] πύλαι ἔπεισι Id.5.52
, cf. 7.176;ἐπὶ ταῖς οἰκίαις τύρσεις ἐπῆσαν X.An.4.4.2
: abs.,κώπη δ' ἐλέφαντος ἐπῆεν Od.21.7
, cf. 2.344, Il.5.127, A.Ag. 547, etc.2 to be upon, be set upon, of names,οὐκ ἔπεστι ἐπωνυμίη Περσέϊ Hdt.6.53
; soψεύδεσι σεμνὸν ἔπεστί τι Pi.N.7.23
;τοῖσι λόγοις σῶφρον ἔ. ἄνθος Ar.Nu. 1025
; to be attached,μελέτη δ' ἔπεστι παντί Anacreont.58.3
; ; esp. of rewards and penalties, ποινά, κέρδος ἐπέσται, A.Eu. 543 (lyr.), Ar.Av. 597;ἔπεστι νέμεσις S.El. 1467
; , cf. Pl.Lg. 943d: abs., Ταραντίνων οὐκ ἐπῆν ἀριθμός no count was taken, no number was attached, Hdt.7.170, cf. 191; to be at hand, be present,τίς τέρψις ἐπέσται; S.Aj. 1216
(lyr.);αἰσχύνη X.Cyr.6.2.33
;πιεῖν δὲ θάνατος οἶνον, ἢν ὕδωρ ἐπῇ Cratin.273
(s.v.l.); τὰ ἐπόντα accidents or characteristics, opp. τὸ ὑποκείμενον, Plot.2.4.10.II of Time, to be hereafter, remain,ἀλλ' ἔτι πού τις ἐπέσσεται Od.4.756
; to be at hand,οὐδέ τι δειλὸν γῆρας ἐπῆν Hes.Op. 114
; ἐπεσσόμενοι ἄνθρωποι generations to come, Orac. ap. Hdt.6.77, Epigr. ap. Aeschin. 3.184; ἐπεσσόμενοι alone, Theoc.12.11.III to be set over,τισί Hdt.7.96
, 8.71;ἔπεστί σφι δεσπότης νόμος Id.7.104
;τίς δὲ ποιμάνωρ ἔ.; A.Pers. 241
(troch.), cf. 555 (lyr.).IV to be added, be over and above, of numbers,χιλιάδες ἔπεισι ἐπὶ ταύτῃσι ἑπτά Hdt.7.184
, cf. 185; ἐπόντων τεσσάρων plus four, Arr.Tact.10.8; τὰ ἐπεσόμενα τούτοις (sc. προβάτοις) Arch.Pap.1.64 (ii B.C.).------------------------------------A ibo) inf. ἐπιέναι, serving in [dialect] Att. as [tense] fut. of ἐπέρχομαι: [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg. [tense] impf.ἐπήϊεν Il.17.741
; [ per.] 3pl.ἐπήϊσαν Od.11.233
,ἐπῇσαν 19.445
; [dialect] Att. ἐπῇα, [ per.] 3pl. ἐπῇσαν: ἐπιείσομαι, -εισαμένη (qq. v.) belong to a different word:1 of persons, come upon, approach, Od. 16.42, etc.b mostly in hostile sense, come against, attack, c. dat., Il. 13.482, etc.;τῷ λόφῳ ἐ. Th.4.129
; in Prose also with Preps., ἐ. ἐπὶ τὴν Ἑλλάδα, ἐπὶ τοὺς ἀδικοῦντας, Hdt.7.157, Th.1.86 (v.l. πρός), etc.;πρὸς τὸ τεῖχος Id.7.4
: abs.,Αἰνείαν ἐπιόντα Il.13.477
, cf. 5.238;ἐπάγοντες ἐπῇσαν Od.19.445
; οἱ ἐπιόντες the invaders, assailants, Hdt.4.11, etc.; by assault,D.
1.21; but ὁ ἐπιών in Trag., = ὁ τυχών, the first comer, , cf. OC 752.c get on the βῆμα to speak, v.l. for παριέναι in Th.1.72; come on, of performers, dub. l. in X.An.6.1.11.2 of events, come upon or over one, overtake, c. acc.,πρίν μιν καὶ γῆρας ἔπεισιν Il.1.29
(butἔπειμι γῆρας ἔς τε τὸν μόρσιμον αἰῶνα Pi.I.7(6).41
); : c. dat., come near,ὀρυμαγδὸς ἐπήϊεν ἐρχομένοισιν Il.17.741
; δεινῶν ἐπιόντων πᾶσι Ἕλλησι threatening them, Hdt.7.145: abs.,χειμὼν ἐπιών Hes.Op. 675
; , cf. X.Mem.4.3.14, An.5.7.12; τὸ ἐπιόν the (madness) which threatens me, Pl.Phdr. 238d.b c. dat. pers., come into one's head, occur to one, εἰ καὶ ἐπίοι αὐτῷ λέγειν if it so much as occurred to him to say.., Id.R. 388d, cf. 558a;ὅ τι ἂν ἀπὸ ταὐτομάτου ἐπίῃ μοι X.Mem.4.2.4
;ἂν.. ὑμῖν ἐπίῃ σκοπεῖν D.21.185
: abs., what occurs to one,Pl.
Phdr. 264b.II of Time, come on or after: mostly in part. ἐπιών, οῦσα, όν, following, succeeding, instant, ἡ ἐπιοῦσα ἡμέρα the coming day, Hdt.3.85, Ar.Ec. 105, Pl.Cri. 44a;ἡ 'πιοῦσα λαμπὰς θεοῦ E.Med. 352
; ἡ ἐπιοῦσα (sc. ἡμέρα) Plb.2.25.11, LXXPr.27.1, Act.Ap.16.11;τῆς ἐ. νυκτός Pl.Cri. 46a
;τῇ ἐ. νυκτί Act.Ap.23.11
;ὁ ἐ. βίοτος E.Or. 1659
;τοῦ ἐ. χρόνου Pl.Lg. 769c
;ἐν τῷ ἐ. χρόνῳ X.Cyr. 2.1.23
;ἡ ἐ. ὥρα τοῦ ἔτους D.8.18
;εἰς τὴν ἐ. ἐκκλησίαν Id.21.162
, IG 22.717.16;εἰς τὴν ἐ. Πυλαίαν D.18.151
; τοὐπιόν the future, E.Fr.1073.6;τῆς ἐ. ἐλπίδος Ar.Th. 870
;περὶ τῶν ἐπιόντων D.Ep.4.3
; τῶν ἐ. ἕνεκα because of the consequences, Id.19.258.2 generally, come after, succeed,κύματα.. βάντ' ἐπιόντα τε S.Tr. 115
(lyr.); ὁ ἐπιών the successor, Id.OC 1532; ; τὰ ἐπιόντα the words which follow, Id.Prt. 344a, cf. Sph. 257c.3 rarely, pass, elapse,ἐπιόντος τοῦ χρόνου Id.Ti. 44b
.III go over a space, traverse, visit,ἀγρόν Od.23.359
;χώρους Hdt.5.74
; of an officer,ἐ. πύλας E.Ph. 1164
;τὸ στράτευμα Th.7.78
, etc.2 go over, i.e. count over,φώκας.. ἀριθμήσει καὶ ἔπεισιν Od.4.411
; think over,τῇ μνήμῃ ἕκαστα Luc.Herm.1
; read, Hld.2.6. -
2 πλείων
πλείων, [full] πλέων, ὁ, ἡ, neut. πλεῖον, πλέον, πλεῖν, [comp] Comp. of πολύς (on the forms v. sub fin.),A more, of number, size, extent, etc.,οἱ δὲ μάχονται παυρότεροι πλεόνεσσι Il.13.739
;πλείων μὲν πλεόνων μελέτη Hes. Op. 380
; ἐς πλείονας οἰκεῖν govern for the interest of the majority, Th. 2.37; πλέον' ἔλπομαι λόγον Ὀδυσσέος ἢ πάθαν greater than.., Pi.N.7.21; τὸν πλείω λόγον all further speech, S.Tr. 731;ὁ ὄχλος πλείων καὶ πλείων ἐπέρρει X.Cyr.7.5.39
; πλείω τὸν πλοῦν.. ποιησάμενοι having made the voyage longer, Th.8.39; ὁ π. βίος a longer life, Pl.Ti. 75c;μακροτέρα καὶ π. ὁδός Id.R. 435d
, etc.; of Time, longer,π. χρόνος Hdt. 9.111
, S.Ant.74;πλέων νὺξ τῶν δύο μοιράων Il.10.252
.2 with Art., οἱ πλέονες the greater number, the mass or crowd, 5.673, Od.2.277;οἱ πλεῦνες Hdt.1.106
, etc.: c. gen., τὰς πλεῦνας τῶν γυναικῶν ib.1; the people, opp. the chief men, Id.7.149, Th.8.73, 89, etc.; euphem. of the dead,ἀνεστηκυῖα παρὰ τῶν πλειόνων Ar.Ec. 1073
;εὖτ' ἂν ἵκηαι ἐς πλεόνων AP11.42
(Crin.); ἐς πλεόνων μετοικεσίην ib. 7.731 (Leon.); τὸ πλεῖον πολέμοιο the greater part of.., Il.1.165; ὅστις τοῦ πλέονος μέρους χρῄζει, opp. τοῦ μετρίου, S.OC 1211 (lyr.);τοῦ πλέονος ἐλπίδι ὀρέγονται Th.4.17
, cf. 92.II pecul. usages of neut.:1 as a Noun, more,πλεῦν ἔτι τούτου Hdt.2.19
, etc.;εἴ τι ἐνορῶ πλέον Id.1.89
; τὸ δὲ π. nay, what is more, E.Supp. 158 (Musgr. for τί δὲ.. ); to a greater extent, Th.1.90, 7.57, etc.; πλέον or τὸ πλέον τινός a higher degree of a thing,τίς πλέον τᾶς εὐδαιμονίας φέρει; S.OT 1189
(lyr.);τὸ π. τοῦ χρόνου Th.1.118
, etc.; also τὸ π. ὃ ἀναφέρει the excess which he reports, PCair.Zen. 661 (iii B.C.); ᾧ πλεῖον the excess, prob. in PPetr.2p.42 (iii B.C.), cf. PCair.Zen.742.26 (iii B. C.); πλέον ἔχειν to have the advantage, have the best of it, like πλεονεκτέω, c. gen., Hdt.9.70, Pl.R. 343d, 349b, etc.;τὸ π. πάντων ἔχειν X.Cyr.1.3.18
: more fully,μοίρης πλεῖον ἔχειν Thgn.606
;π. τινὸς φέρεσθαι Hdt.8.29
;π. φέρεσθαι τῶν ἄλλων And.4.4
, etc.; π. ποιεῖν do some good, be successful, ; οὐδὲν π. ποιήσειν, -ῆσαι, And.1.149, 4.7, cf. Pl.Phd. 115c, etc.;παραινοῦσ' οὐδὲν ἐς π. ποιῶ S.OT 918
;οὐδὲν π. ὀψοφαγῶν ποιήσεις Ath.8.344b
;οὐδὲν εἴργασμαι π. E.Hipp. 284
;οὐδὲν π. πρᾶξαι Id.IA 1373
, And.4.20, etc.; οὐδὲν ἐπίσταμαι π. have no superior knowledge, Pl.Tht. 161b; τί πλέον; what more, i.e. what good or use is it? Antipho 5.95, etc.;τί π. πλουτεῖν.. πάντων ἀποροῦντας; Ar.Pl. 531
;τί σοι π. λυπουμένῃ γένοιτ' ἄν; E.Hel. 322
;τί π. ἔστ' εἰς τέκνα πονεῖν; Supp.Epigr.1.567.1
(Karanis, iii B.C.), cf. AP7.261.1 (Diotim.); alsoοὐδὲν ἦν π. τοῖς πεπονθόσιν Lys.19.4
(= And.1.7), cf. D.35.31;ὧν οὐδέν μοι π. γέγονε Isoc.15.28
;οὐδέν γέ σοι π. ἔσται Pl.R. 341a
;τί τὸ π.; Epigr.Gr.306
a.3; ἐπὶ πλέον as Adv., more, further, Hdt.2.171, 5.51, Th.6.54, Pl.Phdr. 261b, etc.: c. gen., beyond,ἐπὶ π. τῶν ἄλλων ἰσχύσας Th.1.9
(but,ἐπὶ τὸ π. ἵκεο μοίσας
to surpassing height in..,Theoc.
1.20); alsoὅταν τις ἐς π. πέσῃ τοῦ θέλοντος S.OC 1219
codd. (lyr.); περὶ πλείονος ποιεῖσθαι, v. περί A. IV.2 as Adv., more, rather, π. ἔφερέ οἱ ἡ γνώμη κατεργάσεσθαι τὴν Ἑλλάδα he inclined rather to the belief.., Hdt.8.100;οὐ τοῦτο δειμαίνεις π.; A.Pr.41
;σέ.. τῶνδ' ἐς πλέον σέβω S.OT 700
;ἢ π. ἢ ἔλαττον D.18.125
; π. ἔλαττον more or less, BGU402.9 (vi A. D.), IG14.177 ([place name] Syracuse); also τὸ π., [dialect] Ion. τὸ πλεῦν, for the most part, Th.1.81, etc.; αὐτῆς τὸ π. μέτοχός εἰμι have the larger share, Hdt.3.52; τὸ π., = μᾶλλον, οὐ χάριτι τὸ π. ἢ φόβῳ Th.1.9, cf. 2.37; ἐστὶν ὁ πόλεμος οὐχ ὅπλων τὸ π., ἀλλὰ δαπάνης not so much.., as.., Id.1.83.b with Numerals,τοξότας π. ἢ εἴκοσι μυριάδας X.Cyr.2.1.6
;οἶκος πλέον ἢ τεττάρων ταλάντων Is.10.23
; ἐν πλέον ἢ διακοσίοις ἔτεσι v.l. in D.24.141 (fort. πλεῖν, v. infr.);π. ἢ ἐν διπλασίῳ χρόνῳ X.Oec.21.3
:—in this sense a short form πλεῖν is used by [dialect] Att. writers (cf. Moer.p.294 P., but the rule is not universal, cf. IG22.657.25 (iii B. C.), etc.),πλεῖν ἢ τριάκονθ' ἡμέρας Ar.Ach. 858
; πλεῖν ἢ χιλίας (sc. δραχμάς) Id.Eq. 444;στάδια πλεῖν ἢ χίλια Id.Av.6
, cf. Nu. 1041, 1065, al.;πλεῖν ἤ γε διπλοῦν Id.Lys. 589
;πλεῖν ἢ 'νιαυτῷ πρεσβύτερος Id.Ra.18
, cf. 91; πλεῖν ( πλεῖον codd.)ἢ πέντε τάλαντα D.21.173
;πλεῖν ἢ δυοῖν ποδοῖν Eub.119.10
; ἤ is freq. omitted,πλεῖν ἑξακοσίας Ar.Av. 1251
; ἔτη γεγονὼς πλείω ἑβδομήκοντα v.l. in Pl.Ap. 17d; but δέκα πλείοσιν ἔτεσι for ten years more, Id.Lg. 932c;τρεῖς μῆνας καὶ πλείω X.HG2.2.16
;λίθους.. ὅσον μνααίους καὶ πλεῖον καὶ μεῖον Id.Eq.Mag.1.16
: with number in gen.,κώμας.. οὐ πλεῖον εἴκοσι σταδίων ἀπεχούσας Id.An.3.2.34
, cf. 7.3.12.c Com., πλεῖν ἢ μαίνομαι more than to madness, Ar. Ra. 103, 751.e regul. Adv.πλειόνως Aen.Tact.7.4
, J.AJ17.1.1.B FORMS: [dialect] Ep. use πλείων or πλέων as metre requires, also nom. and acc. pl. πλέες, πλέᾰς, Il.2.129, 11.395, Call.Aet.Oxy.2080.85 (so, with ι from ε, Cret. πλίες, πλίας, Leg.Gort.7.18,24, GDI 5125 B8, also πλίαδ ([etym.] δὲ) Leg.Gort.7.29, πλίανς ib.5.54; πλέας also [dialect] Aeol., IG12(2).1.9 (Mytil., iv B. C.)); dat. pl.πλεόνεσσι Il.13.739
( πλεόνεσιν is f.l. in Hdt.7.224); Cret. also acc. sg. neut.πλίον Leg.Gort.1.37
, al., gen. πλίονος ib.2.39, al., neut. pl. πλίονα ib.4.51, πλία ib.10.17; [dialect] Aeol. [full] πλήων Hdn.Gr.2.431, also late [dialect] Dor., IPE12.79.18 (Byzant., i A. D.); [dialect] Att. Inscrr. have - ει- always before - ου- and -ω-, IG12.76.7, 22.657.25, 2498.22, etc., but - ε- and - ει- before -ο-, ib.12.94.33,40.3,4, 22.2670.4 (but always πλέον). -
3 μάργος
μάργος Zie COMPGrammatical information: adj.Meaning: `mad, furious, greedy' (Od.; on the meaning v. Wilamowitz Eur. Her. v. 1082);Other forms: Also μόργος ἄπληστος, μοργίας γαστριμαργίας, καὶ ἀκρασίας H. And ἄμαργος; μαρικᾶς κίναιδος H. (but see under the names); ἄβαρκνα λιμός H. which points to *ἄβαρκ-ος. ἄβαρτος ἄπληστος, οἱ δε ἄμαργος H., ἀβαρτία ἀπληστία H. PN Βάργος, Βάργη, Βρόγγος, Βάργασος, Μάργασος. ῎Αβαρτος (Paus. 7, 3, 10).Compounds: as 1. member e.g. in γαστρί-μαργος `gluttonous' (Pi., Arist., Ph.) with γαστρι-μαργ-ία (Hp., Pl.), - έω (Ph.); here also στόμαργος (Alain Blanc RPh. 70(1996)??).Derivatives: Μαργίτης m. name of the principal character of a satirical ep. poem (Arist., Plb.; Redard 229 w. the critical notes of Bloch Mus. Helv. 12, 59), - ιτεία f. `fury, madness' (Phld.); μαργότης f. `madness, gluttony, wantonness' (Pl., trag.), - οσύνη `id.' (Anacr., Thgn.; Wyss - συνη 33, Porzig Satzinhalte 225); μαργηέντων λυσσώντων H. Verbs: 1. μαργαίνω `rage, be furious', only pres. (E 882, Democr.); 2. μαργάω, only ptc. pres. μαργῶν, - ῶσα `furious, wanton' (trag., Call.); 3. μαργόομαι, only ptc. μαργούμενος, μεμαργωμένος `id.' (Pi., A.). -- With unclear e-vowel: μέργιζε ἀθρόως ἔσθιε H.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Unexplained. Wrong Prellwitz s. v. and Carnoy Ant. class. 24, 20. - The many variants are typically Pre-Greek (Fur.). Also the form with -ɛ- will be a Pre-Greek variant, Fur. 217 n. 72.Page in Frisk: 2,175Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μάργος
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4 παίω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to strike, to hew, to thrust, to hit, to bump' (IA., Cret.; relat. rare in Att. prose); in the non-pres. tempora, esp. in the aor., often replaced by other verbs, e.g. πατάξαι, τύψαι, πλῆξαι; cf. Bloch Suppl. Verba 83 ff.Other forms: Boeot. πήω (Hdn.), aor. παῖσαι, pass. παισθῆναι, fut. παί-σω, - ήσω, perf. πέπαι-κα, - σμαι.Derivatives: παῖμα n. `impression' (Crete), παραπαί-σματα pl. `attacks of madness' (Oenom.), παραίπαιμα παρακοπή H.; ἀνάπαι-στος `struck back,', metr. m. `anapaest' (com., Arist.); ἔμπαι-στος `embossed, coined', - σμα n. `embossment' (Delos IIa). - στικη τέχνη `the art of embossing' (Ath.); backformations ἔμπαι-ος, πρόσπαι-ος (: ἐμ-, προσ-παίω) `bursting in, suddenly' (A.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Not certainly explained. All forms are based on the pres. παίω, which may stand for *πάϜι̯ω which is of old identified with Lat. paviō `beat, stamp'; doubtful Cypr. παϜιω is however an unreliable support (s. Schwyzer 713 n. 6 w. lit.). The etymology presupposes, that one assumes with Schwyzer IF 30, 443 ff. that the non-pres. παῦ-σαι, - σω etc. to be expected together with παύω formed a new system, which is quite difficult; s. on παύω. -- Improbable Ehrlich Betonung 99 and (hesitating) Sommer Lautst. 78: from *παίσω to Lat. pinsō `knock to pieces', with ablaut pais-: pis-, as Lith. paisýti `die Grannen abschlagen, enthülsen' as secondary iterative formation does not prove an old pais-. Details w. further lit. in WP. 2, 12, Pok. 827, W.-Hofmann s. paviō. -- Cf. παιάν and πταίω, also 2. ἔμπαιος.Page in Frisk: 2,464Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > παίω
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5 ὀρθός
A straight,I in height, upright, standing, Hom., who commonly joins it withστῆναι, στῆ δ' ὀρθός Il.23.271
, al., cf. Hdt.5.111,9.22 (where it is used of a horse rearing);ὀρθαὶ τρίχες ἔσταν Il.24.359
, cf. Hes.Op. 540 ;ὀρθῶν ἑσταότων ἀγορή Il.18.246
;οἱ δ' ἐν νηΐ μ' ἔδησαν.. ὀρθὸν ἐν ἱστοπέδῃ Od.12.179
, cf. S.Aj. 239 (anap.);κυρβασίας.. ὀρθὰς εἶχον πεπηγυίας Hdt.7.64
;ὀρθὸν αἴρεις κάρα A.Ch. 496
, etc.; ὀρθὸν οὖς ἵστησι pricks up his ear, S.El.27, etc.; applied to the erect posture of man, Arist.PA 653a31, al.; ὀ. θηρίον, of man, Philem.3 ; of buildings, standing with their walls entire,[τὸ Πάνακτον] ὀρθὸν παραδοῦναι Th.5.42
;ὀρθαὶ κίονες Pi.P.4.267
, cf. PLond. 3.755v.2(iv A. D.); of a standing crop, ib.1165.2 (ii A. D.). Adv.,ὀρθῶς ἑστῶτες Arist.PA 689b19
.b Geom., at right angles to..,εὐθεῖα πρὸς ἐπίπεδον ὀρθή ἐστιν ὅταν.. Euc.11
Def.3.c Astrol., ὀρθὰ ζῴδια signs which rise vertically, opp. πλάγια, Doroth. in Cat. Cod. Astr.5 (1). 240.II in line, straight (opp. σκολιός crooked and πλάγιος aslant), ἀντ' ἠελίου τετραμμένος ὀρθός straight, right opposite the sun, Hes.Op. 727 ;ὀρθὸν εὐθύνοι βέλος A.Fr. 200
; ποιῶν ὀρθὰ πάντα πρὸςκανόνα IG7.3073.108
(Lebadea, ii B. C.); ὀ. τρῶμα longitudinal to the muscle, opp. ἐπικάρσιος, Hp.Prorrh.2.15 ;ὀρθὸς εἰς ὁδὸν πορεύεται S. Aj. 1254
;εἶμι.. ὀ. ὁδόν Thgn.945
;ὀ. κέλευθον ἰών Pi.P.11.39
; ὀρθὴν κελεύεις, i. e. ὀρθὴν ὁδόν με ἰέναι κ., Ar.Av.1 ; so ὀρθὴν ἄνω δίωκε (sc. όδόν) Id.Th. 1223 (but ὀρθήν, = εὐθύς, Hyp.Fr. 257); δι' ὀρθῆς τήνδε ναυκληρεῖς πόλιν (sc. ὁδοῦ) S.Ant. 994 ;εἰς ὀρθὸν τρέχειν Diph.61.5
; to face the front originally held,Ascl.
Tact.10.1 ;κατ' ὀρθὸν εὐδρομεῖν Men.681
; also straightway,Pi.
O.10(11).4 ; ὀρθῷ ποδί ib.13.72, Fr. 167 ; but τιθέναι ὀρθὸν πόδα is prob. to put the foot out, as in walking, A.Eu. 294 (v. ), cf. E.Med. 1166.2 βλέπειν ὀρθά, opp. being blind, S.OT 419 ; recovered his sight,IG
14.966 (Rome, ii A. D.);ἐξ ὀμμάτων ὀ.. κἀξ ὀρθῆς φρενός S.OT 528
; ὀρθοῖς ὄμμασιν ib. 1385 ; v. ὄμμα 1.III metaph.,1 right, safe, prosperous:a partly from signf. 1, set them up, restored,Pi.
P.3.53 ; so ὀρθὸν ἀστάσας (= ἀναστήσας) IG42(1).122.52 (Epid., iv B. C.);ἐς ὀρθὸν ἱστάναι τινά E.Supp. 1230
;ὀρθὰν φυλάσσειν Τένεδον Pi.N.11.5
; so , cf. Pl.La. 181b ; ταύτης ἔπι (sc. χθονός) πλέοντες ὀρθῆς (the state being represented as a ship) S. Ant. 190 ;ἐν ὀρθῷ κεῖσθαι Plb.31.7.1
.b partly from signf. 11, κατ' ὀρθὸν ἐξελθεῖν, of prophecies, S.OT88, cf. OC 1424; κατ' ὀρθὸν οὐρίσαι to speed in prosperous course, Id.OT 695 (lyr.).2 right, true, correct, ἄγγελος, ἀγγελία, νόος, Pi.O.6.90, P.4.279, 10.68 ; (anap.), etc.; ;ὀρθᾷ φρενί Pi.O.8.24
; ὄρθ' ἀκούειν to be rightly, truly called, S.OT 903 (lyr.);κατὰ τὸ ὀ. δικάζειν Hdt. 1.96
;ὀ. λόγῳ
strictly speaking, in very truth,Id.
2.17, 6.68, etc.: so in Adv.,ὀρθῶς λέγειν Id.1.51
;ὀ. ἔλεξας S.Ph. 341
;ὀ. φράσαι A.Ch. 526
;εἴρηκας ὀ. S.El. 1040
;ὀ. φρονεῖν A.Pr. 1000
, Archyt.1 (soεἰς ὀρθὸν φ. S. Fr. 612
);ὀ. γνῶναι Antipho 2.2.8
; ὀ. ἔχει it is right, c. inf., Pl.Euthphr. 9a ;ὀ. ἐνδίκως τ' ἐπώνυμον A.Th. 405
, cf. 829 (anap.): in answers, rightly, exactly, Pl.Prt. 359e;ὀ. γε Diph.32.18
: [comp] Sup.,ὀρθότατα καλεόμενος Hdt.4.59
; soτὸ ὀρθὸν ἐξείρηκα S.Tr. 374
; φωνεῖν δίκης ἐς ὀρθόν ib. 347 ;κατ' ὀρθόν Pl.Ti. 44b
.3 true, real, genuine, ὀ. πολιτεῖαι, opp. παρεκβάσεις, Arist.Pol. 1279a18, etc.; ὀ. μανία real madness, Ael.NA11.32, cf. Theoc.11.11. Adv. - θῶς really, truly,τοὺς ὀ. φιλομαθεῖς Pl.Phd. 67b
;ὁ ὀ. κυβερνήτης Id.R. 341c
;τὸν ὀ. συγγενῆ Diph. 102
.4 upright, just,ἐμμένειν ὀ. νόμῳ S.Aj. 350
(lyr.);τὸ ὀ.
uprightness,Pl.
R. 540d ; ἐπιστήμη ἐνοῦσα καὶ ὀ. λόγος (v. λόγος IV. I) Id.Phd. 73a; ὁ ὀ. λόγος διὰ πάντων ἐρχόμενος (v.λόγος 111.7
) Chrysipp.Stoic.3.4 ; ὀ. λόγοι virtues on the intellectual side, Phld.Piet.8. Adv. rightly, justly,Th.
3.56;ὀ. καὶ δικαίως Antipho1.10
, IG22.228.14 (iv B. C.), IPE12.32B73 (Olbia, iii B. C.), etc.;ὀ. καὶ νομίμως Isoc.7.28
.5 of persons, 'straight', straightforward,σμικροὶ καὶ οὐκ ὀρθοὶ τὰς ψυχάς Pl. Tht. 173a
.6 on tiptoe, full of expectation, excited,ὀρθῆς τῆς πόλεως γενομένης διά τι Isoc.16.7
;τὴν Ἑλλάδα ὀρθὴν οὖσαν ἐπί τινι Id.5.70
;ὀ. ἦν ἡ πόλις ἐπὶ τοῖς συμβεβηκόσιν Lycurg.39
, cf. Hyp.Fr.39 ;ὀ. καὶ μετέωροι ταῖς διανοίαις Plb.28.17.11
;ὀ. καὶ περίφοβος ἦν ἡ πόλις Id.3.112.6
;ὀ. διὰ τὸν φόβον D.S.16.84
;ὀ. καὶ δραστήριος διὰ τὸ θαρρεῖν Plu.Phil.12
.IV ἡ ὀρθή,1 (sc. ὁδός) v. supr. 11.1.2 ὀ. γωνία right angle, Pl.Ti. 55b ; so ὀ. alone, Arist.EN 1098a30, al.; cf. ὄρθιος v. 1 : τέμνειν πρὸς ὀρθάς to cut at right angles, Euc.3.3, al.; εἴ τις δείξειεν ὅτι αἱ ὀρθαὶ οὐ συμπίπτουσι.. that right angles do not meet (short for 'that two straight lines making, with a third, interior angles equal to two right angles, etc.'), Arist.AP0.74a13 ; τὸ δυσὶν ὀρθαῖς the theorem that the angles of a triangle are together equal to two right angles, ib.85b5 ; ὀρθὸς κῶνος, κύλινδρος, a right cone, cylinder, Archim.Sph.Cyl.1.26, 1.11.3 (with or without πτῶσις) nominative, Lat. casus rectus, opp. the oblique cases, D.T. 636.3, Str.14.2.28, A.D.Pron.39.10, al., S.E.M.1.177.V ὀρθά active verbs, opp. ὕπτια (passive) and οὐδέτερα (neuter), Chrysipp.Stoic.2.59.VI ὀ. τόνος real or unmodified (cf. supr. 111.3) accent, opp. ἐγκλινόμενος, A.D.Pron.36.10, al.; so ὀρθὴ τάσις ib.54.8, al. (The gloss of Hsch., βορθ-αγορίσκοι, = ὀ., and the dialect forms of Ὀρθεία (q.v.), suggest that the word orig. had ϝ.) -
6 συνίστημι
συνίστημι (Hom.+) Ro 3:5; 5:8; 16:1; 2 Cor 4:2 v.l.; 6:4 v.l.; 10:18b; Gal 2:18 v.l. Beside it συνιστάνω (Polyb. 4, 82, 5; 31, 29, 8; Jos., Bell. 1, 15, Ant. 6, 272.—Schweizer 177; Nachmanson 157; KDieterich, Untersuchungen 1898, 218; B-D-F §93; W-S. §14, 14; Rob. 315f) 2 Cor 3:1; 4:2; 6:4 v.l.; 10:12, 18a; Gal 2:18 and συνιστάω (Sb 4512, 77 [II B.C.] impf. συνίστων) 2 Cor 4:2 v.l.; 6:4 v.l.; 10:18a v.l.—1 aor. συνέστησα; 2 aor. συνέστην LXX; pf. συνέστηκα, ptc. συνεστηκώς (LXX) and συνεστώς; inf. συνεστάναι (Tat. 30, 1; Ath. 25, 3); 1 aor. mid. συνεστησάμην (s. Schwyzer I 758, 760); 1 aor. pass. ptc. συσταθείς. The basic semantic component refers to coherence or being in a state of close relationship.A. transitive, act., pass., and mid.① to bring together by gathering, unite, collect pass. of the water of the boundless sea συσταθὲν εἰς τὰς συναγωγάς collected in its gathering-places 1 Cl 20:6.② to bring together as friends or in a trusting relationship by commending/recommending, present, introduce/recommend someone to someone else (X., Pla.; PHamb 27, 3; PHib 65, 3; POxy 292, 6; PGiss 71, 4 al.; 1 Macc 12:43; 2 Macc 4:24; 9:25; Jos., Ant. 16, 85; Just., D. 2, 1 θεῷ) τινά τινι (re)commend someone to someone (PSI 589, 14 [III B.C.] σύστησόν με Σώσῳ; PBrem 5, 7 [117–19 A.D.]) ὑμῖν Φοίβην Ro 16:1 (in a letter, as Chion, Ep. 8 ὅπως αὐτὸν συστήσαιμί σοι). Self-commendation (ἑαυτὸν/ἑαυτοὺς ς.) may be construed either as inappropriate 2 Cor 3:1; οὐ πάλιν ἑαυτοὺς συνιστάνομεν ὑμῖν 5:12; 10:12 (ἑαυτούς), 18a (ἑαυτόν); or as appropriate (ὡς θεοῦ διάκονοι) 6:4 (but s. 3 below). συνιστάνοντες ἑαυτοὺς πρὸς πᾶσαν συνείδησιν ἀνθρώπων we commend ourselves to every human conscience 4:2=to every person’s awareness of what is right (s. πρός w. acc. 3eβ as PMich 210, 4 [c. 200 A.D.]). (The juxtaposition of apparently contradictory approaches to self-commendation is true to Gr-Rom. perspectives: contrast Pind., O. 9, 38f ‘an untimely boast plays in tune with madness’ and O. 1, 115f in which the poet celebrates his own power of song. The subject of appropriate and inappropriate self-commendation is discussed at length by Plut., Mor. 539–47 [On Inoffensive Self-Praise]. τινά someone ὸ̔ν ὁ κύριος συνίστησιν 10:18b. Pass. συνίστασθαι ὑπό τινος be recommended by someone (Epict. 3, 23, 22; PPetr II 2, 4, 4 [III B.C.]) 12:11.③ to provide evidence of a personal characteristic or claim through action, demonstrate, show, bring out τὶ someth. (Polyb. 4, 5, 6 εὔνοιαν) Ro 3:5. Cp. 2 Cor 6:4 (see comm. and 2 above). συνίστησιν τὴν ἑαυτοῦ ἀγάπην εἰς ἡμᾶς ὁ θεός 5:8. Difficult and perh. due to a damaged text (B-D-F §197) is the constr. w. acc. and inf. (cp. Diod S 14, 45, 4) συνεστήσατε ἑαυτοὺς ἁγνοὺς εἶναι τῷ πράγματι 2 Cor 7:11. W. a double acc. (Diod S 13, 91, 4; Sus 61 Theod.; Philo, Rer. Div. Her. 258 συνίστησιν αὐτὸν προφήτην [so in the mss.]; Jos., Ant. 7, 49) παραβάτην ἐμαυτὸν συνιστάνω I demonstrate that I am a wrongdoer Gal 2:18 (WMundle, ZNW 23, 1924, 152f).④ to bring into existence in an organized manner, put together, constitute, establish, prepare, mid. τὶ someth. (Pla. et al.; Tat. 1, 2; pap) of God’s creative activity (Lucian, Hermot. 20 Ἥφαιστος ἄνθρωπον συνεστήσατο; En 101:6; Philo, Leg. All. 3, 10 θεὸν τὸν τὰ ὅλα συστησάμενον ἐκ μὴ ὄντων; Jos., Ant. 12, 22 τὸν ἅπαντα συστησάμενον θεόν) ἐν λόγῳ συνεστήσατο τὰ πάντα 1 Cl 27:4 (Herm. Wr. 1, 31 ἅγιος εἶ, ὁ λόγῳ συστησάμενος τὰ ὄντα).B. intransitive, in our lit. the pres. mid. and pf. act.① to stand in close association with, stand with/by (1 Km 17:26), perf. act. τινί someone Lk 9:32 (οἱ συνεστῶτες as Apollon. Paradox. 5).② to be composed or compounded of various parts, consist, pres. mid., ἔκ τινος of someth. (Pla., X. et al.; Herm. Wr. 13, 2; Jos., Vi. 35; Ar. 4, 2; Ath. 8, 2, R. 25 p. 78, 9) ἡ μῆνις ἐκ τοσούτων κακῶν συνισταμένη Hm 5, 2, 4.③ to come to be in a condition of coherence, continue, endure, exist, hold together, pres. mid. and perf. act. (EpArist 154 τὸ ζῆν διὰ τῆς τροφῆς συνεστάναι; Tat. 30, 1; Mel., P. 91, 681) γῆ ἐξ ὕδατος καὶ διʼ ὕδατος συνεστῶσα 2 Pt 3:5 (mngs. 2 and 3 are prob. blended here and in the next pass.; s. also Philo, Plant. 6). τὰ πάντα ἐν αὐτῷ συνέστηκεν Col 1:17 (cp. Pla., Rep. 7, 530a, Tim. 61a; Ps.-Aristot. DeMundo 6, 2 ἐκ θεοῦ τὰ πάντα καὶ διὰ θεὸν συνέστηκεν; Philo, Rer. Div. Her. 58; PGM 4, 1769 τὰ πάντα συνέστηκεν; Ar. 1, 5 διʼ αὐτοῦ δὲ τὰ πάντα συνέστηκεν). SHanson, The Unity of the Church in the NT ’46, 112.—RWard, Aristotelian Terms in the NT: Baptist Quarterly 11, ’45, 398–403 (συνίστημι).—M-M. EDNT. TW. -
7 οἶστρος
οἶστρος, ὁ,A gadfly, breese, prob. Tabanus bovinus, an insect which infests cattle,τὰς μέν τ' αἰόλος οἶ. ἐφορμηθεὶς ἐδόνησεν, ὥρῃ ἐν εἰαρινῇ Od.22.300
; of the fly that tormented Io, A.Supp. 541(lyr.), Pr. 567 sq. (lyr.) (also called μύωψ, ib. 675, Supp. 308 : but the two are distd. by Arist.HA 490a20, 596b14).3 a small insectivorous bird, perh. Sylvia trochilus, ib. 592b22.II metaph., a sting, anything that drives mad,κεραυνοῦ οἶ. E.HF 862
;οἴστροις Ἐρινύων Id.IT 1456
: abs., the smart of pain, agony, S.Tr. 1254.2 any vehement desire, insane passion, Hdt.2.93, E.Hipp. 1300, Pl.R. 577e, etc.;ὄρεξις μετὰ οἴστρου καὶ ἀδημονίας Epicur.Fr. 483
: c. gen. objecti, κτεάνων for wealth, AP11.389 (Lucill.): generally, madness. frenzy, S.Ant. 1002, E.Or. 791 : pl., Id.Ba. 665 ;μανιάδες οἶ. Id.IA 548
(lyr.).3 in good sense, zeal,οἶ. εἰς πᾶν ἀγαθὸν ἔργον PMasp.3.13
(vi A. D.).III a throw at dice, Eub.57.5.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > οἶστρος
-
8 λυκάνθρωπος
A were-wolf or man-wolf, Marc.Sid. (cf. Suid. s. h. v.) ap.Gal.19.719, Aët.6.11, Paul.Aeg.3.16:—hence [suff] λῠκανθρωπ-ία, ἡ, a kind of madness, in which the patient had the ravenous appetite and other qualities of a wolf, Gal. l. c., Orib.Syn.8.9.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > λυκάνθρωπος
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